George Livingston PC (July 1616 – 1 February 1690) was a military officer and third

Earl of Linlithgow Earl of Linlithgow was a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in 1600 for Alexander Livingston, 7th Lord Livingston, along with the subsidiary title of Lord Livingston and Callendar. In 1695, the Earldom of Linlithgow merged with ...

Early life

Livingston was born in July 1616. He was the eldest son of

Alexander Livingston, 2nd Earl of Linlithgow Alexander is a male given name. The most prominent bearer of the name is Alexander the Great, the king of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedonia who created one of the largest empires in ancient history. Variants listed here are Aleksandar, Al ...

and Lady Elizabeth Gordon, daughter of the

Marquess of Huntly Marquess of Huntly (traditionally spelled Marquis in Scotland; Scottish Gaelic: ''Coileach Strath Bhalgaidh'') is a title in the Peerage of Scotland that was created on 17 April 1599 for George Gordon, 6th Earl of Huntly. It is the oldest existi ...

who died giving birth to him. Among his siblings was sister Lady Margaret Livingston, who married Sir Thomas Nicholson, 2nd Baronet. After his death, she married, as his fourth wife, Sir George Stirling, 6th of Keir in 1666. After his death, she married thirdly to her late husband's cousin Sir John

Stirling Stirling (; sco, Stirlin; gd, Sruighlea ) is a city in central Scotland, northeast of Glasgow and north-west of Edinburgh. The market town, surrounded by rich farmland, grew up connecting the royal citadel, the medieval old town with its me ...

, 8th of Keir on 6 February 1668. His mother was the second daughter of

George Gordon, 1st Marquess of Huntly George Gordon, 1st Marquess of Huntly (156213 June 1636) was a Scottish nobleman who took a leading role in the political and military life of Scotland in the late 16th century, and around the time of the Union of the Crowns. Biography The son of ...

and Lady Henrietta Stuart (eldest daughter of

Esmé Stuart, 1st Duke of Lennox Esmé (more commonly Esme) or Esmée, including Esmee is an English first name, from the past participle of the Old French verb '' esmer'', "to esteem", thus signifying "esteemed". Another theory is that ''esmer'' is an alternate spelling of toda ...

). His paternal grandparents were

Alexander Livingstone, 1st Earl of Linlithgow Alexander Livingston, 1st Earl of Linlithgow PC (died 24 December 1621) was a Scottish nobleman, courtier, and politician. His wife was Helenor Hay, Countess of Linlithgow who was a Royal tutor. Early life He was the eldest son of William Liv ...

and Lady Helen Hay (the eldest daughter of Andrew Hay, 8th Earl of Erroll). His paternal uncle was

James Livingston, 1st Earl of Callendar James Livingston, 1st Earl of Callendar (s – March 1674), was a Scottish army officer who fought on the Royalist side in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. Early life Livingston was the third son of Alexander Livingston, 1st Earl of Linlithgow a ...

Career

He was appointed constable and keeper of

Linlithgow Palace The ruins of Linlithgow Palace are located in the town of Linlithgow, West Lothian, Scotland, west of Edinburgh. The palace was one of the principal residences of the monarchs of Kingdom of Scotland, Scotland in the 15th and 16th ce ...

on his father's resignation on 15 December 1642. His father died between 11 June and 20 December 1648, and his succession to the earldom. On 4 December 1650, George was admitted to the House of Parliament, and his incapability by his accession to the 'Engagement' for the rescue of Charles taken off. On 20 December, he was nominated colonel of one of the Perth regiments of horse. He was member for the Sheriffdom of

Perthshire Perthshire ( locally: ; gd, Siorrachd Pheairt), officially the County of Perth, is a historic county and registration county in central Scotland. Geographically it extends from Strathmore in the east, to the Pass of Drumochter in the nort ...

in Cromwell's parliament from 1654 to 1645. At the Restoration, he was appointed colonel of the Scots Regiment of Foot Guards, and sworn a

Privy Councillor A privy council is a body that advises the head of state of a state, typically, but not always, in the context of a monarchic government. The word "privy" means "private" or "secret"; thus, a privy council was originally a committee of the mo ...

. On 18 December 1677 he obtained a commission to succeed Sir

George Munro, 1st of Newmore Sir George Munro, 1st of Newmore (1602–1693) was a 17th-century Scottish soldier and member of parliament from the Clan Munro, Ross-shire, Scotland. He was seated at Newmore Castle. Between 1629 and 1634 Munro held command in the Swedish ar ...

as major-general of the forces in Scotland, his principal duty being the suppression of covenanting conventicles. After the defeat of Claverhouse at

Drumclog Drumclog is a small village in South Lanarkshire, Parish of Avendale and Drumclog, Scotland. The habitation is situated on the A71, between Caldermill and Priestland in East Ayrshire at a height of 196.7m and about 5 miles west of Strathaven. ...

on 1 June 1679, Linlithgow acted very irresolutely. The forces of Claverhouse were directed to return to the main body under him at

, and without daring to risk an engagement, he finally fell back on Edinburgh until assistance could be obtained from England. On the arrival of the English reinforcements the supreme command was transferred to

Monmouth Monmouth ( , ; cy, Trefynwy meaning "town on the Monnow") is a town and community in Wales. It is situated where the River Monnow joins the River Wye, from the Wales–England border. Monmouth is northeast of Cardiff, and west of London. ...

. After the

battle of Bothwell Bridge A battle is an occurrence of combat in warfare between opposing military units of any number or size. A war usually consists of multiple battles. In general, a battle is a military engagement that is well defined in duration, area, and forc ...

Linlithgow, on 25 July, was sent by the council along with Claverhouse to London to advocate the adoption of more severe measures against those who had been in arms. On 10 July 1684, he was appointed justice-general in room of the Earl of Perth, but he was deprived of his office at the Revolution. Linlithgow had some connection with the Montgomery plot, but died before its betrayal.

Personal life

On 30 July 1650, he married Lady Elizabeth Lyon, the widow of

John Lyon, 2nd Earl of Kinghorne Earl of Strathmore and Kinghorne is a title in the Peerage of Scotland and the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was first created as Earl of Kinghorne in the Peerage of Scotland in 1606 for Patrick Lyon. In 1677, the designation of the earldom c ...

. Lady Elizabeth was the second daughter of

Patrick Maule, 1st Earl of Panmure Patrick Maule, 1st Earl of Panmure (1585-1661) was a Scottish courtier and aristocrat. He was a son of Patrick Maule (died 1605) and Margaret Erskine (died 1599), a daughter of John Erskine of Dun and Elizabeth Lindsay. Patrick Maule was a page ...

. Together, they were the parents of two sons and one daughter: *

George Livingston, 4th Earl of Linlithgow George may refer to: People * George (given name) * George (surname) * George (singer), American-Canadian singer George Nozuka, known by the mononym George * George Washington, First President of the United States * George W. Bush, 43rd Presiden ...

(d. 1695), who married Hon. Henrietta Sutherland, daughter of

Alexander Sutherland, 1st Lord Duffus Alexander Sutherland (died 1674) was the 1st Lord Duffus, a member of the Scottish nobility and a cadet of the Clan Sutherland. Early life He was the eldest son of William Sutherland, 10th of Duffus and his wife Jean, daughter of John Grant of ...

. * Alexander Livingston, 3rd Earl of Callendar (d. 1692), who married Lady Anne Graham, eldest daughter of

James Graham, 2nd Marquess of Montrose James Graham, 2nd Marquess of Montrose ( – February 1669) was a Scottish nobleman and judge, surnamed the "Good" Marquess. Early life He was the second son of James Graham, 1st Marquess of Montrose, by his wife, Lady Magdalene Carnegie, daught ...

and Lady Isabel Ker (widow of

Robert Ker, 1st Earl of Roxburghe Robert Ker, 1st Earl of Roxburghe (1650) was a Scottish nobleman. Early life He was the eldest son of William Ker of Cessford (died 1605), and Janet Douglas. His mother was the widow of James Tweedie of Drumelzier, and the third daughter of ...

and fifth daughter of

William Douglas, 7th Earl of Morton William Douglas, 7th Earl of Morton (1582 – 7 August 1648) was a grandson of the 6th Earl of Morton. He was Treasurer of Scotland, and a zealous Royalist. Life He was the son of Robert Douglas, Master of Morton, and Jean Lyon, daughter of ...

). * Lady Henrietta Livingston, who married Robert Makgill, 2nd Viscount of Oxfuird. After the death of his first wife, he remarried in June 1677 to Agnes (

née A birth name is the name of a person given upon birth. The term may be applied to the surname, the given name, or the entire name. Where births are required to be officially registered, the entire name entered onto a birth certificate or birth re ...

Wauchope) Scott. Agnes was the widow of goldsmith Alexander Scott of

Edinburgh Edinburgh ( ; gd, Dùn Èideann ) is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 Council areas of Scotland, council areas. Historically part of the county of Midlothian (interchangeably Edinburghshire before 1921), it is located in Lothian ...

, and daughter and co-heiress of George Wauchope of Edinburgh. After his death on 1 February 1690, he was buried in a family vault on the south side of St Michael's church in

Linlithgow Linlithgow (; gd, Gleann Iucha, sco, Lithgae) is a town in West Lothian, Scotland. It was historically West Lothian's county town, reflected in the county's historical name of Linlithgowshire. An ancient town, it lies in the Central Belt on a ...

, west of

Descendants

Following the

Battle of Killiecrankie The Battle of Killiecrankie ( gd, Blàr Choille Chnagaidh), also referred to as the Battle of Rinrory, took place on 27 July 1689 during the 1689 Scottish Jacobite rising. An outnumbered Jacobite force under John Graham, Viscount Dundee and ...

in 1689, his son-in-law and both of his sons, were accused of being rebels, arrested and imprisoned in

Edinburgh Castle Edinburgh Castle is a historic castle in Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland. It stands on Castle Rock (Edinburgh), Castle Rock, which has been occupied by humans since at least the Iron Age, although the nature of the early settlement is unclear. ...

. They were released only after taking an oath of allegiance to

King William III William III (William Henry; ; 4 November 16508 March 1702), also widely known as William of Orange, was the sovereign Prince of Orange from birth, Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel in the Dutch Republic from the ...

. Through his second son, he was a grandfather of James Livingston, 5th Earl of Linlithgow and 4th Earl of Callendar as his eldest son George died without issue.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Linlithgow, George Livingston, 3rd Earl Of 1616 births 1690 deaths English MPs 1654–1655 Members of the Convention of the Estates of Scotland 1689 Lords Justice-General Earls of Linlithgow Keepers of Linlithgow Palace